A Beginner's Guide to Playing Piano Chords

The piano is the most perfectly designed instrumentstarting point to more complex harmonies. Also, they
for playing chords. It's visually straightforward,are refreshingly simple and easy to play. For example,
easy-to-understand layout makes it simple for theif you set the fingers of your right hand on the first five
beginning piano student to learn how to play chords.notes of the C major scale -- C, D, E, F, and G -- then
Unlike other instruments, such as the guitar, the playeryour thumb, middle finger, and pinky are already in
doesn't need to learn how to contort her fingers inposition to play the C major triad.
strange, unnatural ways just to play the most simpleYour knowledge of intervals comes in handy when
combinations of notes.learning triads, of which there are four main types:
In contrast, the basic chords on the piano seem almost1. Major triad: A major third plus a minor third (e.g., C E
magically designed to be played by the human hand.G).
When learning how to play the piano, the beginning2. Minor triad: A minor third plus a major third (e.g., A C
pianist only needs to learn the structures of theseE).
basic chords, and a world of harmony opens itself up.3. Diminished triad: A minor third plus a minor third (e.g.,
To start, although they are not technically chords,B D F).
combinations of two notes -- usually referred to as4. Augmented triad: A major third plus a major third
"intervals" or "dyads" -- are often seen in piano music.(e.g., C E G).
Even if they aren't technically chords, combinations ofDiminished and augmented triads occur far less
two notes are essentially the foundation of all musicfrequently than major and minor triads, especially in the
harmony. Thus, when learning how to play chords, it'stypes of music usually played by beginning pianists.
also a good idea for students to first learn intervals.This will make more sense when you practice playing
The smallest interval on the Western music scale istriads; major and minor triads will sound familiar and
the minor second, which is made up of two notes thatcomfortable to the ear, while diminished and
are only a half-step apart -- for instance, E and theaugmented triads will sound stranger and more
next F, or B and the next C. Although there aredissonant.
various ways of referring to the intervals, they areMeanwhile, it's important to understand the naming of
most often named as follows, in order of increasingtriads. In short, all triads are named after their root note
size:-- the note which begins the scale the chord is based
1. Minor secondon. For example, the minor triad of A C E is referred
2. Major secondto as "A minor," because it is based on the A minor
3. Minor thirdscale; the major triad of F A C is referred to as "F
4. Major thirdmajor," because it is based on the F major scale: the
5. Perfect fourthdiminished triad of Bb D F is referred to as "Bb major,"
6. Augmented fourth (or diminished fifth)and so on.
7. Perfect fifthBeyond intervals and triads, the range and terminology
8. Minor sixth (or augmented fifth)of piano chords only becomes more layered and
9. Major sixthcomplex. The number of things you will have to learn
10. Minor seventhmay seem daunting at first, but it's always important to
11. Major seventhremember that learning how to play chords is a series
12. Perfect octaveof baby steps. For example, soon after learning about
You don't have to learn all of them at once, but mosttriads, you might want to learn about chord inversion, or
piano players must learn them eventually. Plus, therehow to turn triads into seventh chords. Both of these
are similar names for intervals larger than an octave,techniques, though becoming more advanced, are
but they don't come up quite as often.relatively simple on their own. So, when learning, stick
When learning how to play chords, many studentswith one thing at a time, and soon you will not be so
start out with triads, which are the most basic form ofconfused by all of those bizarre chord notations you
three-note chords. Basically, while intervals are thesee everywhere.
foundation of all musical harmony, triads are the